Requesting Assistance（助けを求める）
- Could you please help me?
- I'm having trouble with this. Would you mind helping me?
- Could you please show me how to do this ..., write this ..., draw this ..., pronounce this ..., solve this?
Interrupting（会話に割り込む）
- Excuse me, but ... (I don't understand.)
- Sorry for interrupting, but ... (I missed what you said.)
- May I interrupt for a moment?
- May I add something here?
Asking for Clarification（説明を求める）
- Could you repeat that?
- Could you give me an example of that?
- I have a question about that: ...?
- Could you please explain what _____ means?
- Would you mind repeating that?
- I'm not sure I understood that. Could you please give us another example?
- So, do you mean ...?
Probing for Higher Level Thinking（深く掘り下げる）
- What examples do you have of ...?
- Where in the text can we find ...?
- I understand ..., but I wonder about ....
- How does this idea connect to ...?
- If _____ is true, then ...?
- What would happen if ...?
- Do you agree or disagree with his/her statement? Why?
- What is another way to look at it?
- How are _____ and _____ similar?
- Why is _____ important?
- How do you know that? Can you give an example?
- Is there another way to look at this?
Expressing an Opinion（自分の意見を述べる）
- I think/believe/predict/imagine that ....
- In my opinion ....
- It seems to me that ....
- Not everyone will agree with me, but ....
Building on What Others Say（他人の発言を広げる）
- I agree with what _____ said because ....
- You bring up an interesting point, and I also think ....
- That's and interesting idea. I wonder ...? I think ... Do you think ...?
- I thought about that also, and I'm wondering why ...?
- I hadn't thought of that before. You make me wonder if ...? Do you think ...?
- _____ said that .... I agree and also think ....
- Based on the ideas from _____, _____, and _____, it seems like we all think that ....
- That's an excellent point, and I would add ....
Soliciting a Response（意見を求める）
- Do you agree?
- _____ (name), what do you think?
- Can someone else ask a question or offer an opinion?
- _____ (name), what did you understand from that answer?
Disagreeing（異なる意見を述べる）
- I don't really agree with you because ....
- I see it another way. I think ....
- My idea is slightly different from yours. I believe that .... I think that ....
- I have a different answer than you ....
Offering a Suggestion（提案をする）
- Maybe you/we could ....
- Here's something you/we might try.
- What if you/we ...?
Classroom Reporting（伝聞する）
- _____ explained to me that ....
- _____ pointed out that ....
- _____ mentioned that ....
- _____ shared with me that ....
- _____ brought to my attention that..,
- _____ pointed out something (interesting/intriguing/surprising).
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